$263.16
Above FV▼ -43.6% against the close used
Model range $166.32 – $394.88
The lowest and highest of the models that produced a value. This is the spread of the methods, not a price target.
Bear$166.32Fair value$263.16Bull$394.88
FairClose
52-week traded range
52W low $389.3852W high $546.64
The 52-week range is measured from the stored price history, not estimated.
Trading above the consensus fair value
Linde plc closed at $466.22, 77.2% above the consensus fair value of $263.16 drawn from 9 valuation models.
Financial DNA score 50/100 — Good. P/E of 31.9x against the 20x sector multiple the P/E model uses.
Quantitative summary only — not investment advice.
DCF Valuation
$213.94
-54.1%
Σ[CF×(1+g)^n/(1.10)^n] + TV/(1.10)^10
g=9%, r=10%, tg=3%, n=10yr
Graham Number
$166.32
-64.3%
√(22.5 × EPS × BVPS)
EPS=14.61, BVPS=84.16 · outside Graham range (P/E 31.9, P/B 5.5) — asset-light, treat as a rough floor
P/E Fair Value
$292.20
-37.3%
EPS × 20x (sector P/E)
EPS=14.61, Sector P/E=20x
Peter Lynch (PEG)
$177.37
-62.0%
EPS × Growth% (PEG = 1 is fair)
EPS=14.61, g=12.1%
EV/EBITDA
$394.88
-15.3%
(EBITDA × 16.1x − Net Debt) ÷ Shares
EBITDA=12.69B
Dividend Discount (DDM)
$324.77
-30.3%
D1 ÷ (r − g) where D1 = D0×(1+g)
D0=6.01, r=10%, g=8%
Book Value (P/B)
$245.10
-47.4%
BVPS × (ROE−g)÷(r−g) [Justified P/B — RIM-based]
BVPS=84.16, ROE=17.7%, g=6%, r=10%
Reverse DCF
$466.22
+0.0%
Solve for g: Price = Σ[EPS×(1+g)^n/(1.10)^n] + TV
Implied: 13.4% | Historical: 12.1%
Margin of Safety
$168.12
-63.9%
Avg(DCF, Graham, P/E) × 75% (25% safety buffer)
Avg fair value=224.15, MoS=25%
Computed on September 12, 2026 from the most recent annual report on file and that day's closing price. Where a company has seen its earnings move sharply since its last annual report, this figure will lag the market.
Educational data only. Not a recommendation to buy, sell or hold any security.