The Ugar Sugar Works Ltd
Ratios
Returns X-Ray — ROE vs ROCE vs ROA
| Year | ROE | ROCE | ROA |
|---|---|---|---|
| FY2023 | 46.6% | 31.6% | 11.2% |
| FY2022 | 35.2% | 10.9% | 3.7% |
| FY2021 | 21.3% | 9.0% | 1.9% |
| FY2020 | 21.5% | 9.8% | 1.7% |
| FY2019 | 7.8% | 9.3% | 0.5% |
ROE is well above ROCE: part of the return on equity comes from borrowed money (leverage), not only from the business itself.
Computed from reported annual figures: ROE = net profit ÷ year-end equity; ROCE = (PBT + interest) ÷ (equity + borrowings); ROA = net profit ÷ total assets. Year-end balances, so values can differ slightly from sites that use averages. Educational data only.
Working-Capital Days
Number of daysDebtor DaysInventory DaysDays Payable
How to read this: these lines track how the company manages day-to-day cash. Debtor days is how long customers take to pay; inventory days is how long stock sits before selling; days payable is how long the company takes to pay its own suppliers. Fewer debtor and inventory days generally means cash comes in faster; more days payable means the company holds its cash longer. The right level varies a lot by industry, so the trend over time matters more than any single number.
Return on Capital Employed
ROCE, in %How to read this: return on capital employed (ROCE) shows how much operating profit the company earns from every unit of capital it uses, as a percentage. A higher, steady line over the years suggests the business uses its capital efficiently. As with most ratios, the multi-year trend tells you more than any single year.
| Period | Debtor Days | Inventory Days | Days Payable | Cash Conversion Cycle | Working Capital Days | ROCE % |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FY2019 | 14 | 407 | 128 | 293 | -45 | — |
| FY2020 | 5 | 330 | 96 | 239 | -13 | 11 |
| FY2021 | 19 | 314 | 57 | 276 | 7 | 10 |
| FY2022 | 29 | 331 | 96 | 263 | 3 | 12 |
| FY2023 | 38 | 98 | 40 | 96 | 15 | 27 |
Understanding these terms
Plain-English explanations of each figure in the table above, and what a beginner typically looks at. These are educational descriptions only, not advice.
- Debtor Days
- The average number of days the company takes to collect payment from its customers after a sale.How a beginner reads it: A beginner reads fewer days as cash coming in faster. A rising trend can mean customers are taking longer to pay, which ties up cash; readers compare it to the company's own past and to peers.
- Inventory Days
- The average number of days goods sit as inventory before being sold.How a beginner reads it: A beginner reads lower inventory days as stock moving quickly. A rising trend can signal slowing sales or overstocking; the right level varies a lot by industry, so comparison matters.
- Days Payable
- The average number of days the company takes to pay its own suppliers.How a beginner reads it: A beginner reads more days as the company holding onto cash longer — useful, within reason. Reading it next to debtor days shows whether the company collects from customers faster than it pays suppliers.
- Cash Conversion Cycle
- The number of days it takes to turn money spent on inventory back into cash from customers: inventory days plus debtor days minus days payable.How a beginner reads it: A beginner reads a shorter cycle as cash being tied up for less time. A negative cycle — paying suppliers after collecting from customers — is generally a sign of strong working-capital efficiency.
- Working Capital Days
- How many days of sales are tied up in the day-to-day running of the business (receivables and inventory, net of payables).How a beginner reads it: A beginner watches the trend: fewer days means less cash locked into operations. A steadily rising figure can mean growth is consuming more and more cash to sustain.
- ROCE %
- Return on Capital Employed — operating profit as a percentage of the total capital (equity plus debt) the business uses. It measures how efficiently the company turns all its capital into operating profit.How a beginner reads it: A beginner uses ROCE to judge how well a company uses every rupee of capital, regardless of how it is financed. Consistency over many years often matters more to readers than a single high year.