Government Budget by Country
General government net lending (+) / borrowing (-) as a percentage of GDP. Latest values for 197 economies.
Among 194 countries, Tuvalu has the highest government budget at 25.8% and Timor-Leste the lowest at -46.2% (latest available readings).
Government Budget by Region
Latest available reading (periods may differ by country). Choose a region or “All countries”.
Government Budget — All Countries
Sorted by latest value. Click headers to re-sort.
| # | Country | Last | Previous | Period |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |  Tuvalu | 25.8% | -3.0% | 2025 |
| 2 | Kuwait | 24.5% | 26.3% | 2025 |
| 3 | Norway | 10.6% | 12.9% | 2025 |
| 4 | Macao | 8.3% | 7.0% | 2025 |
| 5 | Vanuatu | 6.2% | 0.0% | 2025 |
| 6 | Lesotho | 4.9% | 8.3% | 2025 |
| 7 | Marshall Islands | 4.8% | 1.5% | 2025 |
| 8 | Samoa | 4.7% | 9.3% | 2025 |
| 9 | Singapore | 4.2% | 3.8% | 2025 |
| 10 | Aruba | 4.0% | 3.9% | 2025 |
| 11 | United Arab Emirates | 3.9% | 6.2% | 2025 |
| 12 | Andorra | 3.6% | 2.8% | 2025 |
| 13 | Naoero | 3.5% | 28.9% | 2025 |
| 14 | Nicaragua | 3.5% | 2.5% | 2025 |
| 15 | Cyprus | 3.4% | 4.1% | 2025 |
| 16 | Lebanon | 3.3% | 0.4% | 2025 |
| 17 | South Sudan | 3.3% | 11.9% | 2025 |
| 18 | Antigua and Barbuda | 3.2% | 1.6% | 2025 |
| 19 | Denmark | 2.9% | 4.1% | 2025 |
| 20 | Liechtenstein | 2.8% | 3.3% | 2025 |
| 21 | Eritrea | 2.7% | 5.2% | 2019 |
| 22 | Azerbaijan | 2.6% | 4.1% | 2025 |
| 23 | Kyrgyzstan | 2.6% | 2.0% | 2025 |
| 24 | Mongolia | 2.2% | 1.4% | 2025 |
| 25 | Ireland | 1.9% | 4.1% | 2025 |
| 26 | Laos | 1.9% | 2.5% | 2025 |
| 27 | Greece | 1.7% | 1.3% | 2025 |
| 28 | Tonga | 1.2% | 3.6% | 2025 |
| 29 | Cape Verde | 1.1% | -1.1% | 2025 |
| 30 | Portugal | 0.7% | 0.6% | 2025 |
| 31 | Republic of the Congo | 0.7% | 3.5% | 2025 |
| 32 | Oman | 0.6% | 3.3% | 2025 |
| 33 | San Marino | 0.6% | 0.4% | 2025 |
| 34 | Tajikistan | 0.5% | 0.4% | 2025 |
| 35 | Micronesia | 0.4% | 1.9% | 2025 |
| 36 | Switzerland | 0.2% | 0.3% | 2025 |
| 37 | Belarus | 0.1% | 1.0% | 2025 |
| 38 | Turkmenistan | 0.1% | -0.1% | 2025 |
| 39 | Zimbabwe | 0.1% | -0.5% | 2025 |
| 40 | Vietnam | 0.0% | -0.9% | 2025 |
| 41 | Argentina | -0.2% | 0.5% | 2025 |
| 42 | Barbados | -0.2% | -0.8% | 2025 |
| 43 | Chad | -0.3% | -1.9% | 2025 |
| 44 | Haiti | -0.3% | 7.0% | 2025 |
| 45 | Mauritania | -0.3% | -1.4% | 2025 |
| 46 | Somalia, Fed. Rep. | -0.3% | 0.2% | 2025 |
| 47 | Palau | -0.4% | 0.6% | 2025 |
| 48 | Puerto Rico (US) | -0.4% | -0.5% | 2025 |
| 49 | Afghanistan | -0.5% | -0.5% | 2025 |
| 50 | Dominica | -0.5% | -6.6% | 2025 |
| 51 | Bahamas | -0.5% | -1.2% | 2025 |
| 52 | Equatorial Guinea | -0.6% | -0.5% | 2025 |
| 53 | Honduras | -0.7% | -1.1% | 2025 |
| 54 | Japan | -0.7% | -1.7% | 2025 |
| 55 | Belize | -1.0% | -1.5% | 2025 |
| 56 | Cambodia | -1.0% | -1.4% | 2025 |
| 57 | Qatar | -1.0% | 0.7% | 2025 |
| 58 | Seychelles | -1.0% | -0.7% | 2025 |
| 59 | Ethiopia | -1.2% | -2.0% | 2025 |
| 60 | Comoros | -1.3% | -2.7% | 2025 |
| 61 | Ghana | -1.3% | -6.0% | 2025 |
| 62 | Sweden | -1.3% | -1.5% | 2025 |
| 63 | Djibouti | -1.4% | -2.7% | 2025 |
| 64 | Burkina Faso | -1.5% | -5.8% | 2025 |
| 65 | Georgia | -1.5% | -2.3% | 2025 |
| 66 | Mali | -1.5% | -2.2% | 2025 |
| 67 | Netherlands | -1.6% | -0.7% | 2025 |
| 68 | Uzbekistan | -1.6% | -2.1% | 2025 |
| 69 | Canada | -1.7% | -2.1% | 2025 |
| 70 | Paraguay | -1.7% | -2.1% | 2025 |
| 71 | Thailand | -1.7% | -1.3% | 2025 |
| 72 | Albania | -1.8% | -0.7% | 2025 |
| 73 | Lithuania | -1.8% | -1.3% | 2025 |
| 74 | Nepal | -1.8% | -2.4% | 2025 |
| 75 | Nigeria | -1.8% | -1.3% | 2025 |
| 76 | Guatemala | -1.9% | -1.0% | 2025 |
| 77 | St Lucia | -1.9% | -2.3% | 2025 |
| 78 | Estonia | -2.0% | -1.1% | 2025 |
| 79 | Luxembourg | -2.0% | 0.9% | 2025 |
| 80 | Cameroon | -2.1% | -1.5% | 2025 |
| 81 | Czech Republic | -2.1% | -2.0% | 2025 |
| 82 | Liberia | -2.1% | -2.5% | 2025 |
| 83 | Madagascar | -2.1% | -2.5% | 2025 |
| 84 | Papua New Guinea | -2.1% | -3.3% | 2025 |
| 85 | Malta | -2.2% | -3.4% | 2025 |
| 86 | Serbia | -2.2% | -1.7% | 2025 |
| 87 | South Korea | -2.3% | -2.6% | 2025 |
| 88 | Sri Lanka | -2.3% | -5.4% | 2025 |
| 89 | DR Congo | -2.4% | -1.7% | 2025 |
| 90 | Fiji | -2.4% | -3.4% | 2025 |
| 91 | Peru | -2.4% | -3.5% | 2025 |
| 92 | Spain | -2.4% | -3.2% | 2025 |
| 93 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | -2.5% | -1.9% | 2025 |
| 94 | Jamaica | -2.5% | 0.2% | 2025 |
| 95 | Slovenia | -2.5% | -0.9% | 2025 |
| 96 | Iceland | -2.6% | -4.1% | 2025 |
| 97 | Tanzania | -2.6% | -3.0% | 2025 |
| 98 | Benin | -2.7% | -3.1% | 2025 |
| 99 | Bhutan | -2.7% | -1.8% | 2025 |
| 100 | Chile | -2.8% | -2.8% | 2025 |
| 101 | Ecuador | -2.8% | -1.3% | 2025 |
| 102 | Turkey | -2.8% | -5.0% | 2025 |
| 103 | Australia | -2.9% | -2.1% | 2025 |
| 104 | El Salvador | -2.9% | -4.6% | 2025 |
| 105 | Germany | -2.9% | -2.7% | 2025 |
| 106 | Indonesia | -2.9% | -2.3% | 2025 |
| 107 | Niger | -2.9% | -4.3% | 2025 |
| 108 | Bulgaria | -3.0% | -3.0% | 2025 |
| 109 | Ivory Coast | -3.0% | -4.0% | 2025 |
| 110 | Croatia | -3.0% | -2.5% | 2025 |
| 111 | Euro Area | -3.0% | -3.0% | 2025 |
| 112 | Sudan | -3.1% | -3.5% | 2025 |
| 113 | Bangladesh | -3.1% | -3.7% | 2025 |
| 114 | Italy | -3.1% | -3.4% | 2025 |
| 115 | Kazakhstan | -3.1% | -3.4% | 2025 |
| 116 | European Union | -3.1% | -3.1% | 2025 |
| 117 | Burundi | -3.2% | -4.8% | 2025 |
| 118 | Togo | -3.2% | -6.8% | 2025 |
| 119 | Costa Rica | -3.4% | -3.7% | 2025 |
| 120 | Sao Tome and Principe | -3.4% | 0.9% | 2025 |
| 121 | Uruguay | -3.4% | -3.2% | 2025 |
| 122 | Malaysia | -3.5% | -3.4% | 2025 |
| 123 | Morocco | -3.5% | -3.9% | 2025 |
| 124 | Dominican Republic | -3.6% | -3.1% | 2025 |
| 125 | Maldives | -3.6% | -11.6% | 2025 |
| 126 | Armenia | -3.7% | -3.7% | 2025 |
| 127 | Panama | -3.7% | -6.2% | 2025 |
| 128 | Central African Republic | -3.8% | -3.5% | 2025 |
| 129 | Finland | -3.8% | -4.3% | 2025 |
| 130 | Mauritius | -3.8% | -6.9% | 2025 |
| 131 | Zambia | -3.8% | -3.5% | 2025 |
| 132 | Moldova | -3.9% | -4.0% | 2025 |
| 133 | Russia | -3.9% | -1.6% | 2025 |
| 134 | Solomon Islands | -3.9% | -2.4% | 2025 |
| 135 | Yemen | -3.9% | -4.3% | 2025 |
| 136 | Latvia | -4.0% | -1.7% | 2025 |
| 137 | New Zealand | -4.0% | -3.2% | 2025 |
| 138 | North Macedonia | -4.0% | -4.4% | 2025 |
| 139 | Angola | -4.1% | -1.0% | 2025 |
| 140 | Austria | -4.2% | -4.6% | 2025 |
| 141 | Sierra Leone | -4.2% | -5.2% | 2025 |
| 142 | Montenegro | -4.3% | -3.3% | 2025 |
| 143 | Rwanda | -4.4% | -6.2% | 2025 |
| 144 | Hong Kong | -4.5% | -5.8% | 2025 |
| 145 | Philippines | -4.5% | -4.4% | 2025 |
| 146 | Slovakia | -4.5% | -5.3% | 2025 |
| 147 | Venezuela | -4.5% | -5.0% | 2025 |
| 148 | Hungary | -4.7% | -5.1% | 2025 |
| 149 | Gambia | -4.7% | -3.9% | 2025 |
| 150 | Mexico | -4.9% | -5.8% | 2025 |
| 151 | Myanmar | -4.9% | -4.1% | 2025 |
| 152 | Grenada | -5.0% | 6.7% | 2025 |
| 153 | 🌐World | -5.0% | -5.1% | 2025 |
| 154 | France | -5.1% | -5.8% | 2025 |
| 155 | Mozambique | -5.1% | -6.2% | 2025 |
| 156 | Belgium | -5.2% | -4.4% | 2025 |
| 157 | Israel | -5.2% | -8.1% | 2025 |
| 158 | Iran | -5.3% | -2.7% | 2025 |
| 159 | Tunisia | -5.3% | -6.4% | 2025 |
| 160 | United Kingdom | -5.3% | -6.0% | 2025 |
| 161 | Pakistan | -5.4% | -6.8% | 2025 |
| 162 | Trinidad and Tobago | -5.4% | -5.9% | 2025 |
| 163 | Guyana | -5.5% | -7.3% | 2025 |
| 164 | South Africa | -5.6% | -5.7% | 2025 |
| 165 | Colombia | -5.8% | -6.0% | 2025 |
| 166 | Saudi Arabia | -5.8% | -2.5% | 2025 |
| 167 | Namibia | -5.9% | -3.8% | 2025 |
| 168 | Botswana | -6.1% | -7.2% | 2025 |
| 169 | Iraq | -6.2% | -3.5% | 2025 |
| 170 | Jordan | -6.2% | -7.3% | 2025 |
| 171 | Guinea | -6.4% | -3.2% | 2025 |
| 172 | Senegal | -6.4% | -13.7% | 2025 |
| 173 | Kenya | -6.5% | -5.7% | 2025 |
| 174 | Egypt | -6.6% | -7.1% | 2025 |
| 175 | Uganda | -6.6% | -3.9% | 2025 |
| 176 | Guinea-Bissau | -6.7% | -7.3% | 2025 |
| 177 | United States | -7.1% | -7.8% | 2025 |
| 178 | Poland | -7.3% | -6.4% | 2025 |
| 179 | Brazil | -7.4% | -6.3% | 2025 |
| 180 | India | -7.4% | -7.9% | 2025 |
| 181 | Romania | -7.6% | -8.7% | 2025 |
| 182 | Eswatini | -7.8% | -1.1% | 2025 |
| 183 | Syria | -7.8% | -2.9% | 2010 |
| 184 | China | -7.9% | -7.2% | 2025 |
| 185 | Suriname | -8.3% | -2.5% | 2025 |
| 186 | Malawi | -10.2% | -11.0% | 2025 |
| 187 | Algeria | -10.5% | -14.0% | 2025 |
| 188 | Bolivia | -11.4% | -8.7% | 2025 |
| 189 | St Kitts and Nevis | -11.8% | -11.3% | 2025 |
| 190 | Gabon | -12.1% | -3.3% | 2025 |
| 191 | St Vincent and the Grenadines | -13.0% | -18.9% | 2025 |
| 192 | Bahrain | -13.2% | -11.0% | 2025 |
| 193 | Kiribati | -14.5% | -14.1% | 2025 |
| 194 | Ukraine | -17.6% | -17.2% | 2025 |
| 195 | Brunei | -17.7% | -12.9% | 2025 |
| 196 | Libya | -30.5% | -25.9% | 2025 |
| 197 | Timor-Leste | -46.2% | -46.8% | 2025 |
Government Budget around the world — in simple words
Overview
Government Budget is available for 193 economies with recent data. The median value is -2.6% and the simple average is -2.7%.
Highest: Tuvalu (25.8%), Kuwait (24.5%), Norway (10.6%), Macao (8.3%), Vanuatu (6.2%).
Lowest: Timor-Leste (-46.2%), Libya (-30.5%), Brunei (-17.7%), Ukraine (-17.6%), Kiribati (-14.5%).
Major economies
Among the 19 major economies tracked here, Singapore (4.2%) has the highest reading and China (-7.9%) the lowest. Their median is -3.1%.
Government Budget — Regional Medians
Median of the latest readings of countries in each World Bank region. The median is the middle value — half the countries are above it and half below.
| Region | Countries | Median |
|---|---|---|
| East Asia & Pacific | 31 | -1.7% |
| Europe & Central Asia | 51 | -2.4% |
| Latin America & Caribbean | 34 | -2.8% |
| Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan | 21 | -5.2% |
| North America | 2 | -4.4% |
| South Asia | 6 | -2.9% |
| Sub-Saharan Africa | 48 | -3.0% |
Understanding Government Budget — a simple guide
What it measures
General government net lending (+) or borrowing (−) — the overall fiscal balance — as a percentage of GDP.
How it is calculated
(Government revenue − government spending) ÷ GDP × 100. Negative means a deficit.
−5% means the government spent 5% of GDP more than it collected.
A surplus reduces debt.
A deficit adds to government debt.
Why it matters for the economy and markets
Deficits add to government debt and can influence bond yields and inflation.
How to read it
Cyclical downturns widen deficits automatically; compare across several years.
How to use the chart
Use the 5Y / 10Y / 25Y / Max buttons to change the time range, or drag the slider under the chart. Hover (or tap) on the line to see the exact value for any period. Dashed lines and hatched bars are IMF projections, not actual data. The “Download CSV” button gives you the full data series.
Frequently asked questions
What does government budget measure?
Which country has the highest government budget?
Data are sourced from official international organisations (IMF, World Bank, BIS) and national authorities, and are shown for educational and informational purposes only. They are not investment advice and no recommendation is made. Figures may be revised by the source; IMF figures for the current and future years are projections. This page was last updated on Saturday, October 17, 2026.