Economic Indicators by Country

How to compare countries

Use the search box to find a country, the region filter to narrow the list, and click any column header to sort. GDP shows the size of each economy in US dollars; GDP growth shows how fast it is expanding; inflation shows how fast prices are rising; the interest rate is the central bank policy rate; unemployment is the share of job-seekers without work; and debt to GDP compares government debt with the size of the economy.

Each value includes the period it refers to. Countries publish data on different schedules, so one country’s latest figure may be for a different month or year than another’s. Click a country name for its full economic profile, or a value to see that indicator’s history.

Economic indicators explained — a beginner’s guide

What are economic indicators?

Economic indicators are numbers that describe how an economy is doing — how much it produces (GDP), how fast prices are rising (inflation), how many people have jobs (unemployment), what borrowing costs are (interest rates) and how much the government owes (debt). Governments, central banks, businesses and investors use them to understand the present and plan for the future.

Why do markets react to them?

Share prices, bond yields and currencies depend on expected company profits and interest rates. When a new inflation or GDP figure is very different from what people expected, expectations about interest rates and profits change — and prices adjust. That is why release days often see larger market moves.

Leading, coincident and lagging indicators

Leading indicators (such as business confidence or building permits) tend to turn before the economy does. Coincident indicators (such as GDP and industrial production) move with it. Lagging indicators (such as unemployment) change after the economy has already turned.

How to read the numbers on this site

Each value shows the period it refers to (for example “Jul 2026” or “2025”) and its source. “YoY” means compared with the same period a year earlier. “pp” (percentage points) is the simple difference between two percentages — inflation moving from 4.0% to 4.4% is a rise of 0.4 pp. Dashed lines and hatched bars are IMF projections, not actual data.

Annual vs monthly data

Some indicators (inflation, policy rates) are published every month; others (GDP shares, debt, population) only once a year. Monthly data shows turning points sooner, while annual data is better for long-term comparisons between countries.