Gross Fixed Capital Formation by Country
Investment in fixed assets (machinery, buildings, infrastructure) as a share of GDP. Latest values for 184 economies.
Among 181 countries, Micronesia has the highest gross fixed capital formation at 44.9% and Sudan the lowest at 0.7% (latest available readings).
Gross Fixed Capital Formation by Region
Latest available reading (periods may differ by country). Choose a region or “All countries”.
Gross Fixed Capital Formation — All Countries
Sorted by latest value. Click headers to re-sort.
| # | Country | Last | Previous | Period |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |  Micronesia | 44.9% | – | 1983 |
| 2 | Tanzania | 42.2% | 41.1% | 2025 |
| 3 | Bhutan | 42.1% | 44.6% | 2024 |
| 4 | Gambia | 40.4% | 29.9% | 2025 |
| 5 | China | 39.7% | 40.5% | 2024 |
| 6 | Algeria | 39.4% | 35.2% | 2025 |
| 7 | Guinea | 38.1% | 33.2% | 2025 |
| 8 | Suriname | 37.5% | 47.1% | 2010 |
| 9 | Palau | 35.8% | 35.4% | 2024 |
| 10 | Benin | 35.4% | 34.7% | 2025 |
| 11 | Maldives | 34.8% | 34.8% | 2024 |
| 12 | Greenland | 34.7% | 36.5% | 2023 |
| 13 | Curacao | 34.0% | 28.7% | 2018 |
| 14 | Uzbekistan | 34.0% | 35.3% | 2025 |
| 15 | Guyana | 32.3% | 23.5% | 2005 |
| 16 | Rwanda | 32.2% | 32.9% | 2025 |
| 17 | India | 31.7% | 31.6% | 2025 |
| 18 | Kosovo | 31.6% | 31.5% | 2024 |
| 19 | Panama | 31.4% | 31.9% | 2024 |
| 20 | Cambodia | 30.9% | 31.6% | 2025 |
| 21 | Lesotho | 30.9% | 29.3% | 2025 |
| 22 | Turkey | 30.6% | 31.3% | 2025 |
| 23 | Tajikistan | 30.2% | 28.3% | 2024 |
| 24 | Saudi Arabia | 30.1% | 30.6% | 2025 |
| 25 | Vietnam | 29.2% | 29.0% | 2025 |
| 26 | Republic of the Congo | 29.1% | 26.5% | 2025 |
| 27 | Kiribati | 29.0% | 24.7% | 2024 |
| 28 | Laos | 29.0% | 31.6% | 2016 |
| 29 | United Arab Emirates | 28.9% | 22.4% | 2009 |
| 30 | Bahrain | 28.9% | 27.5% | 2024 |
| 31 | Iran | 28.8% | 28.1% | 2025 |
| 32 | DR Congo | 28.8% | 31.4% | 2025 |
| 33 | Samoa | 28.8% | 27.8% | 2025 |
| 34 | Indonesia | 28.8% | 29.1% | 2025 |
| 35 | Senegal | 28.7% | 31.1% | 2025 |
| 36 | Bangladesh | 28.5% | 30.7% | 2025 |
| 37 | South Korea | 28.3% | 30.0% | 2025 |
| 38 | Botswana | 28.2% | 28.5% | 2025 |
| 39 | Somalia, Fed. Rep. | 28.1% | 26.7% | 2025 |
| 40 | Mongolia | 28.0% | 27.2% | 2025 |
| 41 | Japan | 27.8% | 27.8% | 2024 |
| 42 | Jordan | 27.5% | 25.5% | 2007 |
| 43 | El Salvador | 27.2% | 22.8% | 2025 |
| 44 | Timor-Leste | 27.0% | 17.4% | 2024 |
| 45 | Mauritania | 27.0% | 25.8% | 2025 |
| 46 | Brunei | 26.9% | 27.7% | 2025 |
| 47 | Morocco | 26.8% | 26.5% | 2025 |
| 48 | Iceland | 26.7% | 26.8% | 2025 |
| 49 | Czech Republic | 26.4% | 26.5% | 2025 |
| 50 | Tonga | 26.2% | 26.2% | 2024 |
| 51 | Switzerland | 26.0% | 26.5% | 2025 |
| 52 | Kyrgyzstan | 25.8% | 23.3% | 2025 |
| 53 | Bahamas | 25.7% | 21.8% | 2024 |
| 54 | Croatia | 25.7% | 25.2% | 2025 |
| 55 | 🌐World | 25.6% | 26.0% | 2024 |
| 56 | Romania | 25.6% | 25.3% | 2025 |
| 57 | Oman | 25.5% | 24.3% | 2024 |
| 58 | Djibouti | 25.5% | 24.2% | 2025 |
| 59 | Sweden | 25.2% | 25.1% | 2025 |
| 60 | Belarus | 25.1% | 23.5% | 2025 |
| 61 | Dominican Republic | 24.9% | 26.1% | 2025 |
| 62 | Gabon | 24.8% | 19.1% | 2025 |
| 63 | Nicaragua | 24.6% | 23.0% | 2025 |
| 64 | Vanuatu | 24.4% | 20.6% | 2024 |
| 65 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 24.4% | 23.8% | 2024 |
| 66 | Australia | 24.3% | 24.1% | 2025 |
| 67 | Kazakhstan | 24.3% | 25.0% | 2024 |
| 68 | Albania | 24.3% | 24.4% | 2025 |
| 69 | Estonia | 24.2% | 23.9% | 2025 |
| 70 | Chile | 24.1% | 23.7% | 2025 |
| 71 | Palestine | 24.0% | 22.1% | 2025 |
| 72 | Belgium | 23.9% | 24.3% | 2025 |
| 73 | Israel | 23.8% | 23.1% | 2025 |
| 74 | Nepal | 23.6% | 24.5% | 2025 |
| 75 | Austria | 23.5% | 23.5% | 2025 |
| 76 | North Macedonia | 23.5% | 24.7% | 2024 |
| 77 | Latvia | 23.5% | 22.2% | 2025 |
| 78 | Norway | 23.4% | 22.9% | 2025 |
| 79 | New Zealand | 23.4% | 24.8% | 2024 |
| 80 | Honduras | 23.3% | 24.2% | 2025 |
| 81 | Sierra Leone | 23.2% | 19.6% | 2025 |
| 82 | Russia | 23.1% | 22.4% | 2025 |
| 83 | Lithuania | 22.9% | 22.4% | 2025 |
| 84 | Canada | 22.9% | 22.9% | 2025 |
| 85 | Marshall Islands | 22.9% | 19.7% | 2024 |
| 86 | Serbia | 22.8% | 23.8% | 2025 |
| 87 | Philippines | 22.7% | 23.6% | 2025 |
| 88 | Thailand | 22.7% | 22.1% | 2025 |
| 89 | Mexico | 22.4% | 23.8% | 2025 |
| 90 | Montenegro | 22.3% | 21.1% | 2025 |
| 91 | Guinea-Bissau | 22.3% | 23.3% | 2025 |
| 92 | Ireland | 22.2% | 17.3% | 2025 |
| 93 | New Caledonia | 22.1% | 25.6% | 2024 |
| 94 | Singapore | 22.1% | 21.0% | 2025 |
| 95 | Moldova | 22.0% | 20.5% | 2025 |
| 96 | France | 22.0% | 22.1% | 2025 |
| 97 | Hungary | 21.9% | 23.2% | 2025 |
| 98 | French Polynesia | 21.9% | 22.7% | 2024 |
| 99 | Uganda | 21.9% | 21.6% | 2025 |
| 100 | Denmark | 21.8% | 23.3% | 2025 |
| 101 | Italy | 21.8% | 21.5% | 2025 |
| 102 | Finland | 21.8% | 22.1% | 2025 |
| 103 | Paraguay | 21.7% | 20.8% | 2025 |
| 104 | Mali | 21.7% | 20.9% | 2025 |
| 105 | Zambia | 21.6% | 26.4% | 2024 |
| 106 | Namibia | 21.5% | 24.0% | 2025 |
| 107 | Armenia | 21.4% | 21.4% | 2025 |
| 108 | United States | 21.3% | 21.4% | 2024 |
| 109 | Malaysia | 21.3% | 20.5% | 2025 |
| 110 | European Union | 21.3% | 21.2% | 2025 |
| 111 | Euro Area | 21.2% | 21.0% | 2025 |
| 112 | Belize | 21.1% | 20.5% | 2024 |
| 113 | Slovenia | 21.1% | 20.9% | 2025 |
| 114 | Madagascar | 21.0% | 20.4% | 2025 |
| 115 | Togo | 21.0% | 27.1% | 2023 |
| 116 | Niger | 20.9% | 22.4% | 2025 |
| 117 | Sri Lanka | 20.8% | 19.1% | 2025 |
| 118 | Portugal | 20.7% | 20.4% | 2025 |
| 119 | Spain | 20.6% | 20.3% | 2025 |
| 120 | Slovakia | 20.5% | 20.4% | 2025 |
| 121 | Peru | 20.5% | 20.6% | 2025 |
| 122 | Germany | 20.3% | 20.5% | 2025 |
| 123 | Bulgaria | 20.1% | 18.3% | 2025 |
| 124 | Ethiopia | 20.1% | 20.6% | 2025 |
| 125 | Fiji | 20.1% | 19.5% | 2024 |
| 126 | Ivory Coast | 20.0% | 19.7% | 2025 |
| 127 | Cyprus | 20.0% | 20.5% | 2025 |
| 128 | Ecuador | 19.9% | 19.0% | 2025 |
| 129 | Netherlands | 19.8% | 19.9% | 2025 |
| 130 | Mauritius | 19.7% | 21.0% | 2025 |
| 131 | Solomon Islands | 19.5% | 21.5% | 2024 |
| 132 | Ukraine | 19.4% | 18.5% | 2025 |
| 133 | Cameroon | 19.3% | 18.2% | 2025 |
| 134 | Georgia | 19.0% | 21.3% | 2025 |
| 135 | Trinidad and Tobago | 19.0% | 17.2% | 2023 |
| 136 | United Kingdom | 18.9% | 18.7% | 2025 |
| 137 | Seychelles | 18.7% | 21.3% | 2025 |
| 138 | Papua New Guinea | 18.1% | 18.2% | 2004 |
| 139 | Kenya | 17.9% | 17.6% | 2025 |
| 140 | Malta | 17.8% | 18.5% | 2025 |
| 141 | Afghanistan | 17.0% | 15.2% | 2024 |
| 142 | Poland | 17.0% | 17.0% | 2025 |
| 143 | Hong Kong | 16.9% | 16.6% | 2025 |
| 144 | San Marino | 16.9% | 17.8% | 2023 |
| 145 | Greece | 16.9% | 16.0% | 2025 |
| 146 | Brazil | 16.8% | 16.9% | 2025 |
| 147 | Kuwait | 16.7% | 18.2% | 2024 |
| 148 | Burkina Faso | 16.7% | 17.2% | 2025 |
| 149 | Guatemala | 16.7% | 16.0% | 2025 |
| 150 | Bolivia | 16.6% | 17.7% | 2024 |
| 151 | Turkmenistan | 16.5% | 17.6% | 2025 |
| 152 | Chad | 16.4% | 15.5% | 2025 |
| 153 | Azerbaijan | 16.3% | 17.6% | 2025 |
| 154 | Costa Rica | 16.3% | 16.3% | 2025 |
| 155 | Eswatini | 16.1% | 16.1% | 2024 |
| 156 | Colombia | 16.0% | 16.2% | 2025 |
| 157 | Argentina | 16.0% | 15.9% | 2025 |
| 158 | Uruguay | 15.8% | 16.3% | 2025 |
| 159 | Tunisia | 15.2% | 15.7% | 2024 |
| 160 | Luxembourg | 15.0% | 15.4% | 2025 |
| 161 | Central African Republic | 14.8% | 15.1% | 2025 |
| 162 | Iraq | 14.4% | 12.5% | 2024 |
| 163 | Libya | 14.3% | 14.3% | 2025 |
| 164 | Puerto Rico (US) | 13.9% | 13.7% | 2025 |
| 165 | South Africa | 13.9% | 14.5% | 2025 |
| 166 | Cuba | 12.8% | 12.9% | 2024 |
| 167 | Eritrea | 12.6% | 12.4% | 2011 |
| 168 | Pakistan | 12.6% | 11.5% | 2025 |
| 169 | Haiti | 12.1% | 12.1% | 2025 |
| 170 | Macao | 11.9% | 13.7% | 2025 |
| 171 | Comoros | 11.8% | 12.0% | 2025 |
| 172 | Egypt | 11.7% | 11.7% | 2025 |
| 173 | Bermuda | 11.0% | 11.2% | 2024 |
| 174 | Angola | 10.6% | 12.4% | 2024 |
| 175 | Ghana | 9.7% | 9.9% | 2024 |
| 176 | Sao Tome and Principe | 8.7% | 6.8% | 2025 |
| 177 | Zimbabwe | 7.9% | 9.7% | 2024 |
| 178 | Equatorial Guinea | 6.4% | 6.5% | 2025 |
| 179 | Yemen | 6.2% | 2.1% | 2018 |
| 180 | South Sudan | 5.8% | 8.0% | 2015 |
| 181 | Venezuela | 4.6% | 3.8% | 2025 |
| 182 | Syria | 4.4% | 5.2% | 2022 |
| 183 | Lebanon | 1.4% | 1.9% | 2024 |
| 184 | Sudan | 0.7% | 2.9% | 2025 |
Gross Fixed Capital Formation around the world — in simple words
Overview
Gross Fixed Capital Formation is available for 170 economies with recent data. The median value is 22.1% and the simple average is 22.3%.
Highest: Tanzania (42.2%), Bhutan (42.1%), Gambia (40.4%), China (39.7%), Algeria (39.4%).
Lowest: Sudan (0.7%), Lebanon (1.4%), Syria (4.4%), Venezuela (4.6%), Equatorial Guinea (6.4%).
Major economies
Among the 19 major economies tracked here, China (39.7%) has the highest reading and South Africa (13.9%) the lowest. Their median is 22.4%.
Gross Fixed Capital Formation — Regional Medians
Median of the latest readings of countries in each World Bank region. The median is the middle value — half the countries are above it and half below.
| Region | Countries | Median |
|---|---|---|
| East Asia & Pacific | 27 | 24.4% |
| Europe & Central Asia | 51 | 22.3% |
| Latin America & Caribbean | 24 | 19.5% |
| Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan | 19 | 17.8% |
| North America | 3 | 21.3% |
| South Asia | 6 | 30.1% |
| Sub-Saharan Africa | 40 | 21.0% |
Understanding Gross Fixed Capital Formation — a simple guide
What it measures
Investment in fixed assets — machinery, buildings, infrastructure — as a share of GDP.
How it is calculated
Spending on new machinery, buildings, roads and other fixed assets ÷ GDP × 100.
A ratio of 30% means nearly a third of output is invested in future capacity.
High investment supports future growth.
Low investment can limit future productive capacity.
Why it matters for the economy and markets
Investment builds future productive capacity and is a key driver of long-term growth.
How to read it
Very high ratios can signal rapid catch-up growth but also over-investment risk.
How to use the chart
Use the 5Y / 10Y / 25Y / Max buttons to change the time range, or drag the slider under the chart. Hover (or tap) on the line to see the exact value for any period. Dashed lines and hatched bars are IMF projections, not actual data. The “Download CSV” button gives you the full data series.
Frequently asked questions
What does gross fixed capital formation measure?
Which country has the highest gross fixed capital formation?
Data are sourced from official international organisations (IMF, World Bank, BIS) and national authorities, and are shown for educational and informational purposes only. They are not investment advice and no recommendation is made. Figures may be revised by the source; IMF figures for the current and future years are projections. This page was last updated on Saturday, October 17, 2026.